Guest post by Sheetal Saujani, Citizen Science Coordinator, and Christiana McMahon, Research Data Support Officer

This year’s theme for International Open Access Week 2025, “Who Owns Our Knowledge?”, asks us to reflect on how knowledge is created, shared, and controlled, and whose voices are included in that process. It’s a question that aligns closely with UCL’s approach to citizen science, which promotes openness, collaboration and equity in research.

Citizen science provides a powerful lens to examine how knowledge is co-produced with communities. It recognises that valuable knowledge comes not only from academic institutions but also but also from lived experience, community knowledge, and shared exploration.

Through initiatives like the UCL Citizen Science Academy and UCL Citizen Science Certificate, we support researchers and project leads to work in partnership with the public, enabling people from all backgrounds to take part in research that matters to them. These programmes are designed to be inclusive and hands-on, helping to build confidence, skills and shared responsibility.

For those of us working in academia, this theme reminds us that open access isn’t just about making papers free to read – it’s about changing how research is produced. Involving citizen scientists in forming research questions, collecting data, and interpreting findings opens up the research process itself, not just access to its outputs.

The Principles for Citizen Science at UCL emphasise respectful partnerships, transparency, and fair recognition. They reflect our belief that citizen scientists are co-creators whose insights – rooted in everyday experience and local knowledge – bring depth and relevance to academic work.

In particular, the fifth principle for Citizen Science at UCL states that CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance should be considered when working with marginalised communities and Indigenous groups. These principles are: Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics, which remind researchers that creating knowledge from Indigenous data must be to the benefit of Indigenous Peoples, nations and communities. These Principles support Indigenous Peoples in establishing more control over their data and its use in research. The Research Data Management Team encourage staff and students to engage with the CARE Principles in addition to the FAIR principles.

So, who owns our knowledge? At UCL, we believe the answer should be: everyone. Through citizen science and its principles, we’re building a future where knowledge is created collectively, shared responsibly and made openly accessible – because it belongs to the communities that help shape it.

The UCL Office for Open Science and Scholarship invites you to contribute to the open science and scholarship movement. Stay connected for updates, events, and opportunities.

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Guest post by Sheetal Saujani, Citizen Science Coordinator in the Office for Open Science & Scholarship

Citizen Science, where members of the public contribute to academic research, is reshaping how we do research. It opens new possibilities for data collection, community engagement, and impact, and at UCL, it’s increasingly seen as a key part of open and inclusive research.

In this post, we explore some of the platforms that make Citizen Science possible, including iNaturalist, and share insights from Professor Muki Haklay’s (UCL Extreme Citizen Science) blog to inspire UCL researchers to get involved.

Why Citizen Science platforms matter

Citizen Science platforms aren’t just bits of technology – they are powerful tools for bringing people and research together. They help researchers:

• Collect data on a large scale, across different locations and time periods
• Work with diverse communities in ways that feel meaningful
• Enhance the impact of their research by opening it up to the public
• Recognise and include lived experience and local knowledge as valuable data

Citizen Science platforms make it easy for anyone to take part by connecting researchers with thousands (or even millions) of contributors. Whether it’s identifying wildlife, tracking pollution, or classifying stars, Citizen Science tools make it easy for anyone to take part.

But not every platform fits every project. It’s worth considering how easy it is to use, the quality of the data, ethical considerations, and how long the platform can be supported. It’s great that there are now a wide range of tools out there to support different research areas.

Popular platforms to explore

Here are a few Citizen Science platforms worth considering:

1. Zooniverse – a platform for crowdsourced data analysis in fields ranging from climate science to history.
2. Cochrane Crowd – global community classifying health research to support systematic reviews, open to all with no prior expertise needed.
3. SciStarter – a hub connecting volunteers to projects across science, health, and the environment.
4. GLOBE Observer – a NASA app for environmental monitoring including cloud cover and mosquito habitats.

Many of these tools are open source or open access, which aligns with UCL’s Open Science approach to research.

Spotlight on iNaturalist

iNaturalist is one of the world’s leading Citizen Science platforms, built to help people record and share observations of biodiversity. With over 150 million contributions, it reflects the core values of open Citizen Science: it’s user-friendly, community-driven, and open in its data policies.

If you’re interested in tracking urban wildlife, exploring plant ecology, or examining environmental change, iNaturalist offers:

• Community-powered species ID: observations are confirmed by a global network of experts and enthusiasts.
• Open data integration: verified sightings feed directly into the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), supporting research and conservation worldwide.
• Educational value: a powerful tool for learning about local ecosystems, supporting outreach, and involving the public in meaningful fieldwork.

For UCL researchers in ecology, conservation, education, or public engagement, iNaturalist offers a ready-made platform for collaborative projects, supporting both academic outcomes and community impact.

Reflections on iNaturalist from Prof. Muki Haklay

At the CAPS25 conference, iNaturalist’s Executive Director, Scott Loarie, delivered the opening keynote sharing five key lessons from the platform’s 17-year evolution – from an MSc project to a global biodiversity tool.

In a follow-up blog post, Professor Muki Haklay (UCL Extreme Citizen Science) reflects on these insights, highlighting iNaturalist’s focus on a pressing challenge: documenting species before they disappear. With one in three species at risk, the platform’s mission is urgent.

Prof. Haklay praises iNaturalist for making participation fun and not too complicated, empowering people to contribute meaningfully – from spotting rare birds to discovering new butterflies. He also emphasises the social side of Citizen Science, where events like the City Nature Challenge become global celebrations of biodiversity.

He describes iNaturalist as “a new kind of scientific instrument” – open, scalable, and powered by AI. Millions of photos help track species distribution, detect invasive spread, and even reveal behavioural patterns. AI/computer vision is “providing a new journey,” he notes, with tools that link images to DNA and uncover new species.

For UCL researchers, Prof. Haklay’s reflections remind us to think beyond data collection. How can we design Citizen Science that’s inclusive, engaging, and makes a difference in the world?

Next steps

Citizen Science can enhance public engagement, enable large-scale data collection, and support the co-production of knowledge – especially when linked with Open Science values. To get started:

• Choose a platform that fits your research needs
• Pilot a small-scale activity or join an existing project
• Reflect on inclusion, ethics, and sustainability from the outset
• Connect with UCL’s Citizen Science community for guidance and support

Let’s collaborate

Have you used a Citizen Science platform in your research or teaching? Or are you just getting started and curious about the possibilities?

Platforms like iNaturalist show how Citizen Science can be rigorous, inclusive and impactful – offering new ways to collaborate, engage communities and produce knowledge. As UCL advances its Open Science agenda, now is a great time to consider how Citizen Science can enhance your work across disciplines.

The UCL Office for Open Science & Scholarship is here to support you. Our Citizen Science Support and Training resources include guidance on integrating Citizen Science into your projects, information on key platforms, and our favourite Citizen Science initiatives from around the world. You can also explore the Principles of Citizen Science at UCL to shape your approach from the outset.

Whether you’re starting a project or exploring ideas, we’d love to hear from you. Visit the UCL Citizen Science website to learn more – and let’s work together to make research more open, inclusive, and collaborative.

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