UCL-V&A Workshop: Chinese Export Watercolours in Britain – Collections, Challenges & Potentials
By Jin Gao, on 30 June 2025
On Wednesday 18 June 2025, the Chinese Export Watercolours in Britain: Collections, Challenges & Potentials Workshop was held at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A), co-organised by the V&A and University College London (UCL). The event was supported by the Sir Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art, bringing together collection curators, scientists, managers, educators, university academics and research students from ten different institutions in Britain to discuss Chinese export paintings, sharing current research, and exploring future directions (Fig. 1).

Figure 1: Group photo (from left to right, from front to back) – Hongxing Zhang, Frances Wood, Lucia Burgio, Helen Glaister, Emile de Bruijn, Shilei Zeng, Shelagh Vainker, Sara Chiesura, Andrea Hart, Charlotte Brooks, Han-Lin Hsieh, Shuhua Tang, Lynn Parker, Yi-Hsin Lin, Jin Gao, Yu-Ping Luk, James Lin
The day began with a warm welcome from Hongxing Zhang (Fig. 2), Senior Curator of Chinese Collections at the V&A, who set the tone for an exciting and engaging gathering. The morning presentations began with Jin Gao (Fig. 3), Lecturer in Digital Archives at UCL, introducing the UCL-V&A collaborative project on Chinese Export Watercolours (CEW), which applies digital humanities methods to the digitisation and study of the V&A’s collection. This was followed by a presentation from Lucia Burgio (Fig. 4), Lead Conservation Scientist at the V&A, who outlined the non-destructive scientific methods used to analyse the materials and techniques of the V&A and the Royal Horticultural Society’s Chinese paintings. Two postgraduate students then presented their research work: Shuhua Tang (Fig. 5), a doctoral student at the UCL and V&A, shared her data-driven provenance study of the V&A’s CEW collection, while Eleanor Young (Fig. 6), an MA graduate at UCL, explored the role of women in the collecting history of these artworks through archival research.

Figure 2: Photo of Hongxing Zhang, Senior Curator of Chinese Collections at the V&A, Co-Organiser of the Workshop

Figure 3: Photo of Jin Gao, Lecturer in Digital Archives at UCL, Visiting Research Fellow at the V&A, Co-Organiser of the Workshop
Following a coffee break, the session turned to institutional collection overviews. Frances Wood (Fig. 7), Former Curator of Chinese collections at the British Library, reflected on a collaborative project of publishing the BL’s CEW collection in China 14 years ago. Yu-Ping Luk (Fig. 8), Basil Gray Curator of Chinese Paintings, Prints and Central Asian Collections, from the British Museum, Shelagh Vainker (Fig. 9), Alice King Curator of Chinese Art, Ashmolean Museum and Associate Professor of Chinese Art at University of Oxford, and James Lin (Fig. 10), Senior Curator of Chinese art of Fitzwilliam Museum at the University of Cambridge, each gave an in-depth survey of their museum holdings and collecting history of Chinese export watercolours, including their acquisition sources, genres of the artworks, and collection strengths.

Figure 8: Photo of Yu-Ping Luk, Basil Gray Curator of Chinese Paintings, Prints and Central Asian Collections, the British Museum

Figure 9: Photo of Shelagh Vainker, Alice King Curator of Chinese Art, Ashmolean Museum and Associate Professor of Chinese Art at University of Oxford

Figure 10: Photo of James Lin, Senior Curator of Chinese art of the Fitzwilliam Museum at the University of Cambridge
After lunch, the afternoon presentations expand the scope further. Emile de Bruijn (Fig. 11), Assistant National Curator Decorative Arts at the National Trust, introduced CEW wallpapers as domestic interior decoration in historic houses in Britain and other European countries. Lynn Parker (Fig. 12), Curator of Illustrations & Artefacts Collections at the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew, provided a highlight of the Chinese botanical drawing collection held at Kew. Andrea Hart (Fig. 13), Library Special Collections Manager and Head of Special Collections and Archives Division at the Natural History Museum, focused on the UCL-NHM CEW digitisation project, emphasising the value of collaborative rediscovery. Finally, Charlotte Brooks (Fig. 14), Art Curator at the Royal Horticultural Society and a PhD researcher at Queen Mary University of London, shared her research on the RHS Reeves Collection, highlighted the importance of using CEW botanical collections across institutions in her research.

Figure 11: Photo of Emile de Bruijn, Assistant National Curator Decorative Arts at the National Trust

Figure 12: Photo of Lynn Parker, Curator of Illustrations & Artefacts Collections at the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew

Figure 13: Photo of Andrea Hart, Library Special Collections Manager and Head of Special Collections and Archives Division at the Natural History Museum

Figure 14: Photo of Charlotte Brooks, Art Curator at the Royal Horticultural Society and a PhD researcher at Queen Mary University of London
In addition to the speakers, the following invited guests also participated in the workshop including Sara Chiesura, Lead Curator of East Asian Collections (China) at the British Library; Han-Lin Hsieh, Curator for the Chinese Collections at the British Library; Xiaoxin Li, Curator of Chinese Collections at the V&A; Sau Fong Chan, Curatorial Operations Coordinator of Asia Department at the V&A; Yi-Hsin Lin, Data Standard Editor of Chinese Iconography Thesaurus at the V&A; Shilei Zeng, Assistant Curator of East Asia at the V&A; Alexandra Watson Jones, Provenance Research Curator at the V&A; Sarah Belanger, Archivist at the V&A; Jiajie Zhang, Research Associate at UCL.
The day concluded with a lively roundtable discussion chaired by Helen Glaister (Fig. 15), Asian Art Course Director at the V&A. This final session encouraged open dialogue among all participants around future directions. Topics discussed included institutional digitisation efforts, potentials for scientific research, opportunities for collaboration, the terminology, and the importance of bringing together CEW collections across different institutions. Recommendations were made for next steps, including a potential book proposal, setting up a CEW network, and joint funding bids for a shared digital resource.